描写植物语料积累：花、向日葵、百合花、夜来香等
描写植物语料积累：花、向日葵、百合花、夜来香等
私家英语整理赏析
Plants
Flowers
△ A Beautiful Flower Indicative of Pride and Pomp 一朵象征着骄傲和尊严的漂亮花朵
It was an exotic, of rare beauty, and as fresh as if the hot-house gardener had just clipt it from the stem. That flower has struck deep root into my memory. I can both see it and smell it, at this moment. So brilliant, so rare, so costly, as it must have been, and yet enduring only for a day, it was more indicative of the pride and pomp which had a luxuriant growth in Zenobia’s character than if a great diamond had sparkled among her hair.
---- Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Blithedal Romance, 3
【译文】那是一朵极其美丽的外国种花朵，非常鲜艳，好像刚由花匠从暖房里的花梗上剪下来似的。那朵花深深地印在我的脑子里。现在我好像还能够看到它，闻到它的香味。那朵花是那么美丽，那么珍奇，那么高贵，跟原来的完全一样，可惜它只能维持一天功夫；这比较在她的秀发上闪烁着一颗大金刚钻，更显得出她的雍容华贵，因为在齐诺比亚的性格上是具备着这种绚灿的生命力的。
—— 节选自 美·霍桑《福谷传奇》第三章 译文：杨万、侯巩
【赏析】
① It was an exotic, of rare beauty. 直白地写花朵具有异域风情的美。
② That flower has struck deep root into my memory. I can both see it and smell it, at this moment. 可以借鉴写一段回忆，根植在内心深处，清晰可见。如：That happy time has struck deep root into my memory. I can both see it and touch it, at this moment.
△ Roadside Sunflowers 路边向日葵
The road ran about like a wild thing, avoiding the deep draws, crossing them where they were wide and shallow. And all along it, wherever it looped or ran, the sunflowers grew, some of them were as big as little trees, with great rough leaves and many branches which bore dozens of blossoms. They made a gold ribbon across the prairie. Occasionally one of the horses would tear off with his teeth a plant full of blossoms, and walk along munching it, the flowers nodding in time to his bites as he ate down toward them.
---- Willa Cather: My Antonia, Book I,3
【译文】道路好像一个野性的东西往前伸展，避开那些深的干河沟，遇到宽而浅的则跨过去。沿路不管蜿蜒曲折或笔直的地方，都长着向日葵；有的像小树那么高大，生着毛茸茸的大叶子，枝桠很多，上面开着成打成打的花。这些向日葵形成了一条金色的缎带横贯大草原。偶尔有一匹马用牙齿扯下一株开满了花朵的向日葵，边走边大声嚼着，花儿合着它咀嚼的拍子点着头。
【赏析】写出了一路上向日葵开得灿烂的盛景。夏天的气息铺面而来。
△ Lily Pads in a Breeze 微风中摇曳的百合花
A slight breath of air rippled across the marsh and the water rippled under it. The lily pads tipped, an instant, their broad shining leaves to the glint of the sun.
---- Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings: The Yearling, 10
【译文】一阵微风拂过沼泽，带起阵阵涟漪。霎时间，睡莲叶轻轻摇晃，宽大的叶片在阳光下闪闪发光。
【赏析】
△ Nocturnal Flowers 夜来香
... and darkness thickened under the trees. With the fading of the light the riotous colours died and the heat and urgency cooled away. The candle-buds stirred. Their green sepals drew back a little and white tips of the flowers rose delicately to meet the open air.
Now the sunlight had lifted clear of the open space and withdrawn from the sky. Darkness poured out, submerging the ways between the trees till they were dim and strange as the bottom of the sea. The candle-buds opened their wide white flowers glimmering under the light that pricked down from the first stars. Their scent spilled out into the air and took possession of the island.
---- William Golding: Lord of the Flies, Chapt. Three
【译文】倾斜的淡黄色阳光几近消失；阳光擦上矮灌木丛，抹过像蜡烛似的绿色花蕾，朝树冠上移去，树木下面的夜色更浓了。绚丽的色彩随着光的隐去而一起消失；暑热和急切的心情顿时也冷了下来。蜡烛似的花蕾轻轻地颤动着。绿色的萼片微微收缩，乳白色的花尖雅致地向上迎接开阔的天空。
此刻从空中逐渐褪去的阳光已经高得完全照不到空地了。夜色拉开帷幕，覆盖了林间的通道，使它们变得像海底那样昏暗而陌生。初升的群星投下了清光，星光下，无数蜡烛似的花蕾开出一朵朵大白花微微闪烁，四处飘香，渐渐地笼罩了整个海岛。
——诺贝尔文学奖 【英】威廉·戈尔丁 代表作《蝇王》，第三章
【赏析】该部分写出了夜色的宁静和美。从傍晚时分到夜色朦胧，暑热的退却，花朵的安静绚烂，在星光下的闪烁，笼罩了整个海岛。
△ The Fragrant White Pond-lily 芬芳的白色百合花
Flags and rushes grow along its plashy shore; the yellow water-lily spreads its broad, flat leaves on the margin; and the fragrant white pond-lily abounds, generally selecting a position just so far from the river’s brink that it cannot be grasped save at the hazard of plunging in.
It is a marvel whence this perfect flower derives its loveliness and perfume, springing as it does from the black mud over which the river sleeps, and where lurk the slimy eel, and speckled frog, and the mud turtle, whom continual washing cannot cleanse. It is the very same black mud out of which the yellow lily sucks its obscene life and noisome odor. Thus we see too in the world, that some persons assimilate only what is ugly and evil from the same moral circumstances which supply good and beautiful results ---- the fragrance of celestial flowers ---- to the daily life of others.
---- Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Old Manse, PP, 109-110
【译文】
【赏析】本文是作者描写在他刚迁入的一所古屋后面的一条河流上的美伦美奂的景色。在浅水的岸边，菖蒲和灯心草丛生，黄花的睡莲展开了它扁平的绿叶，白色的荷花到处散发着扑鼻的芬香，它生长的地方通常离河岸不近，如果你想伸手摘它，就非得冒失足落水的危险不可。
荷花如此清香可爱，可以说是天下最完美的花了，可是它的根却扎在沉睡的河底的黑色污泥之中，根浊而花香，这不得不说是一种奇迹……黄花的睡莲也扎根这同样的黑色污泥中，过着污秽的生活，散发着恶俗的香气。由此我们看到同是在这个世界，有人从同样的道德环境中吸取的只是丑陋和邪恶，有人却为他人的日常生活提供善与美的成果——天上之花的芳香。
应该承认，十八世纪的美国英语即使对大学的文科生来说也是很难的，但是我认为，从经典著作中学习外语是最令人动心，也最具有吸引力，句子和词语的难度大一点没关系，关键是要仔细琢磨。好的句子和词语读过以后留香唇齿之间，对你产生的影响也许会伴随你的一生。
本文运用了对比和拟人的手法，生长在同样的环境中的两种花，作者却褒扬荷花，贬低睡莲，并且把它们与善人和恶人联系在一起，反映出作者鲜明的立场。联想到作者所处的那个时代，美国南北战争的硝烟刚刚在这条河的上空散去，作者在表面上平静的叙说中也许另有所指。
这里不妨再引述一段夏济安老先生的译文，不过它也许从原文的基础上有了较大的引伸和扩展：
黄色睡莲的香味恶俗，姿态妖艳，它的根也是生在河底的黑泥里面。因此我们可以看见在同样不道德的环境下，有些人能够出污泥而不染，开出清香的荷花，有些人却受丑恶的熏陶，成了黄色的睡莲了。